Alcohol - In general usage, alcohol refers almost always to ethanol, also known as grain alcohol, and often to any beverage that contains ethanol.
Batch - In general, a quantity of material formed during the same process or in one continuous process and having identical characteristics throughout.
Brewing - Brewing is the production of alcoholic beverages through fermentation. This is the method used in beer production, although the term can be used for other drinks such as sake, mead and wine. The term is also sometimes used to refer to any chemical mixing process.
Carbon Dioxide - Or CO 2 is a colorless, odorless gas found in the air. It is absorbed by plants and exhaled by animals.
Cider - A drink (almost) always made from pressed apples, to many people but not all it is alcoholic. In the US usage is typically that ‘cider’ is not alcoholic and ‘hard cider’ is.
Ethanol - The type of alcohol produced by yeast fermentation of sugar under ordinary conditions. The alcohol in alcoholic beverages is always ethanol.
Fermentation - The conversion of sugar to alcohol and carbon dioxide by yeast. Many of the flavors of wine are created during this process.
Hydrometer - A floating gauge that measures the specific gravity of liquids compared to water in order to determine the likely alcohol content.
Ice Wine - Wine made from frozen grapes. The grapes are pressed while frozen and only the juice (never the solids) is used in the fermentation. Canadians originated the process and own the trade name.
Methanol - A colorless, odorless, poisonous volatile inflammable liquid obtained by the destructive distillation of wood
Molasses - Thick syrup left after making sugar from sugarcane. Brown in color with a high sugar concentration.
PET or Polyethylene terepthalate - Polyethylene terepthalate. A type of plastic used to make soft drink bottles and other kinds of food containers. PET is also used to make fabric.
Sucrose - Also known as white or table sugar. Sucrose is made up of two simple sugar units: glucose and fructose. Sucrose occurs naturally in many green plants as a product of photosynthesis.
Wine - Wine is an alcoholic beverage resulting from the fermentation of grapes or grape juice.
Yeast - A general term for single-celled fungi that reproduce by budding. Some yeasts can ferment carbohydrates (starches and sugars) and thus are important in brewing and baking.